
Gamma č. 142 (Přechod Venuše přes Slunce)
Vydáno dne 17. 03. 2006 (4092 přečtení)Zajímavosti z vesmíru - přechod Venuše přes Slunce
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![]() ![]() http://www.asu.cas.cz/~sunlive/ Wendy i Rosťovi děkuju za cenné příspěvky a těším se na shledanou s vámi všemi v méně hektických dnech; zdraví Jarda ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Trials and tribulations Kepler had predicted that a transit of Venus would take place on Dec. 6, 1631, but unfortunately a large wind and rainstorm obscured the Sun across most of Europe, preventing any observations. A little-known young English astronomer, Jeremiah Horrocks, carefully examined Kepler's tables and came to the conclusion that another transit of Venus was to occur on Dec. 4, 1639. Horrocks was ready for the big event, carefully examining the Sun even the day before just in case he erred in his calculations. On Dec. 4 (a Sunday), under a scattered-to-broken cloud cover, Horrocks was continuously at his telescope from sunrise until 1 o'clock, at which point he interrupted his vigil by "business of the highest importance" conducting divine services at his church. A couple of hours later, Horrocks resumed his watch and saw the silhouette of Venus on the Sun's disk. Sadly, the all-important moment of the entrance of Venus moving onto the Sun's disk, called ingress, was missed. A circumstance that astronomer Simon Newcomb (1835-1909) would note that "science has mourned for a century past, and will have reason to mourn for a century to come." ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() The next transit was December 9, 1874, followed by that of December 6, 1882. These were observed from as many parts of the Earth as astronomers could get to. An American expedition saw the 1882 transit from South Africa. Simon Newcomb was stationed near the town of Wellington, observing under perfect conditions. In his memoirs he later wrote: "On our departure we left two iron pillars, on which our apparatus for photographing the Sun was mounted, firmly imbedded in the ground, as we had used them. Whether they will remain there until the transit of 2004, I do not know, but cannot help entertaining a sentimental wish that, when the time of that transit arrives, the phenomenon will be observed from the same station, and the pillars be found in such a condition that they can again be used." And William Harkness (1837-1903), then Director of the U.S. Naval Observatory, wrote these prophetic words on the eve of the 1882 transit: "There will be no other transits of Venus till the twenty-first century of our era has dawned upon the earth, and the June flowers are blooming in 2004. When the last transit occurred the intellectual world was awakening from the slumber of ages, and that wondrous scientific activity, which has led to our present advanced knowledge, was just beginning. What will be the state of science when the next transit season arrives God only knows. Not even our children's children will live to take part in the astronomy of that day." ![]() But then that's it for another 105 years. |
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Celý článek | Autor: Jarda Pecka | Počet komentářů: 4 | Přidat komentář |

